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Effect of Wet-Heat Aging Treatment on the Properties of Simulated Bamboo Pulp Cultural Relics Paper and Prediction of Paper Lifespan
Received:November 25, 2025  Revised:February 03, 2026
DOI:10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2026.06.015
Key Words:bamboo pulp  intrinsic structure  accelerated aging  aging mechanism  lifespan prediction
Fund Project:纸质文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地开放课题(南京博物院开放课题)(NBKFKT0103)。
Author NameAffiliationPostcode
CHENG Yun* 1China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102
2National Engineering Lab for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102 
100102
LI Zhibin 1China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102
2National Engineering Lab for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102 
100102
ZHANG Hongjie* 1China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102
2National Engineering Lab for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102 
100102
GUO Yuqian 1China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102
2National Engineering Lab for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102 
100102
CHEN Linghua 1China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102
2National Engineering Lab for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102 
100102
HOU Leilei 1China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102
2National Engineering Lab for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102 
100102
DING Liping 3Nanjing Museum, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210016
4Key Scientific Research Base of Paper Cultural Relics of National Cultural Heritage Administration, Nanjing Museum, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210016
5Key Lab of Paper Literature Deacidification Conservation in Neoteric and Modern China of Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Nanjing Museum, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210016 
210016
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Abstract:Taking bamboo pulp paper relics made from unbleached bamboo chemical pulp in the 1950s as the study subject, their fiber morphology, chemical composition, and physical properties were systematically analyzed in this study, and the simulated bamboo pulp cultural relics paper with highly similar structure and properties was successfully prepared in the laboratory. By conducting accelerated wet-heat aging experiments at different temperatures, the evolution of the simulated bamboo pulp cultural relics paper’s properties during the aging process were systematically investigated. The results indicated that cellulose polymerization degree and paper strength decreased significantly with aging time, consistent with the Ekenstam kinetic model. The decrease in brightness and increase in b* value indicated significant yellowing of the paper, and high temperature and humidity greatly promoted the acid hydrolysis of cellulose. Based on a theoretical activation energy of 63 kJ/mol for the aging reaction, the theoretical lifespan of the simulated bamboo pulp cultural relics paper under storage conditions at 20 ℃ was speculated approximately 401 years.
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