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Phenolation of Bagasse Kraft Lignin for Application in Lignin-based Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesives |
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DOI:10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2018.09.001 |
Key Words:sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin phenolation lignin-based phenolic formaldehyde adhesive |
Fund Project:中国博士后基金(2015M570419);华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室开放基金(201516)。 |
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Abstract:In this study, sugarcane bagasse kraft lignin(KL)was phenolated by using acid as a catalyst. The phenolation process was optimized by single-factor and orthogonal experimental design where the phenolic hydroxyl group content of lignin was used as response value. The optimal conditions were found as follows: phenol∶KL=4∶1(mass ratio), t=2.5 h, T=110℃, the catalyst dosage(concentrated sulphuric acid of 98 wt%)was 4%. The structural changes of KL induced by phenolation were further characterized by 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(31P NMR), and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the molecular weight and the polydispersity of phenolated bagasse kraft lignin(PKL)decreased. The phenolic hydroxyl group content increased. Eventually, P-KL and KL were respectively used to replace 60 wt % of phenol to produce phenolic formaldehyde(PF) adhesives as P-KLPF and KLPF. Compared to KLPF, less formaldehyde and phenol were released from P-KLPF which indicated that phenolation was an effective way to improve the reaction activity bagasse kraft lignin lignin and formaldehyde. |
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