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吸油疏水型纤维增强淀粉基泡沫材料的研究 |
Study on Oil-absorbing Hydrophobic Fiber Reinforced Starch-Based Absorbent Materials |
收稿日期:2021-06-04 |
DOI:10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2021.12.007 |
关键词: 玉米淀粉 疏水改性 泡沫材料 针叶木纤维 吸附 |
Key Words:corn starch hydrophobic modification foam material coniferous wood fiber adsorption |
基金项目:陕西省咸阳市科学技术研究计划项目(2017k02-25);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110708107X)。 |
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摘要:采用玉米淀粉为原料,预处理后的针叶木纤维为增强体,制备了纤维增强型淀粉基泡沫材料。结果表明,在添加少量针叶木纤维后,淀粉基泡沫材料的力学性能及孔隙结构得到极大改善。当淀粉添加量4.5%,针叶木纤维添加量1.5%时,材料的压缩强度最大,达4.66 MPa,孔隙率为88%,密度为0.13 g/cm3。通过吸附表征发现,该材料主要以吸附水为主。通过酯化反应对玉米淀粉进行疏水改性,并以预处理后的针叶木纤维为增强体,制备了疏水改性的纤维增强型淀粉基泡沫材料。当盐酸用量相同,硬脂酸用量为6 g时,材料拉伸强度最大,达0.25 MPa;硬脂酸用量为4 g时,材料抗压强度最大,达4.76 MPa。疏水改性后材料的力学性能和疏水性能相对于未改性前均有所提高,同时也提高了其吸附的油水比,使材料具有一定的亲油性。 |
Abstract:In this study, fiber reinforced starch-based foam materials were prepared with corn starch as raw material and pretreated softwood fibers as reinforcement. The results showed that the mechanical properties and pore structure of starch-based foam materials were greatly improved after adding a small amount of softwood fibers. When the starch content was 4.5% and the softwood fibers content was 1.5%, the compressive strength of the material reached the maximum of 4.66 MPa. At this time, the porosity of the material was 88% and the density was 0.13 g/cm3. The adsorption results showed that the starch-based foam materials mainly absorbed water. Then, the corn starch was hydrophobic modified by esterification, and the fiber reinforced starch-based foam materials with hydrophobic modification were prepared with softwood fibers as reinforcement. When the dosage of hydrochloric acid was same, the dosage of stearic acid was 6 g, the tensile strength reached the maximum of 0.25 MPa. When the dosage of stearic acid was 4 g, the compressive strength reached the maximum of 4.76 MPa. Thus, compared to the materials before modification, both the mechanical properties and hydrophobicity of hydrophobic modified materials were improved. The oil-water ratio of adsorption was also improved, so that the materials had a certain lipophilicity. |
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