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淀粉用量对植物纤维基泡沫材料结构与性能的影响
Effect of Amylopectin Dosage on the Structure and Properties of Plant Fibers Based Foam Material
收稿日期：2019-05-03  
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2019.08.006
关键词:  （支链）淀粉  植物纤维  泡沫材料  泡孔结构
Key Words:amylopectin  plant fibers  foam material  pore structure
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目 2017YFB0307901;陕西省重点研发计划项目 2017ZDXM-SF-090;陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目 17JS015国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFB0307901）；陕西省重点研发计划项目（2017ZDXM-SF-090）；陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目（17JS015）。
作者单位
修慧娟 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心， 陕西西安，710021 
杨雪 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心， 陕西西安，710021 
李金宝 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心， 陕西西安，710021 
崔雨馨 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心， 陕西西安，710021 
董慧玲 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心， 陕西西安，710021 
赵欣 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心， 陕西西安，710021 
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摘要:以植物纤维为基材、（支链）淀粉为结构增强剂，采用热风干燥方式制备出可完全降解的植物纤维基泡沫材料，重点研究了淀粉用量对其微观结构与压缩性能的影响。结果表明，通过对淀粉用量进行调控，可以实现对植物纤维基泡沫材料泡孔结构的调控，从而实现对其压缩性能的增强；当淀粉添加量为8%时，可得到结构与性能表现较优的植物纤维基泡沫材料，此时泡沫材料的最小平均孔径减小到70.38 μm，分布较均匀，各向异性比减小到1.26，更接近圆形，泡孔密度增加到1.47×105 个/cm3，并且表观密度较大为44.45 kg/m3，孔隙率较小为95.57%，静态压缩性能提高，其中屈服强度约是空白样的2倍。
Abstract:As a new type of cushioning foam which can be completely degraded, plant fibers based foam material has great prospects in replacing foam plastics. In this study, fully degradable plant fibers based foam material was prepared by hot air drying with plant fiber as substrate and amylopectin as structural intensifier. It is of great significance to study influence of amylopectin on the structure and properties of the new foam material.The effect of amylopectin dosage on its microstructure and compression properties was studied. The results showed that by regulating the dosage of amylopectin，the pore structure of plant fibers based foam material could be controlled to achieve the requirement of its compression properties. When the dosage of amylopectin was 8%, a plant fiber-based foam material with better structure and performance could be obtained. At this time, the pore diameter of the foam material was reduced to 70.38 μm, the distribution was relatively uniform, and the anisotropy ratio was reduced to 1.26, the shape of pore was close to circle, the pore density increased to 1.47×105 pores/cm3, and the apparent density was 44.45 kg/m3, the porosity was 95.57%, the static compression performance improved, and the yield strength was about 2 times than that of the blank sample.
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