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Fe3O4/木质素基纳米碳纤维复合材料的制备及其微波吸收性能探究
Preparation of Fe3O4/ Lignin-based Carbon Nanofibers Composite and Its Microwave Absorption Performances
收稿日期：2020-01-07  
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2020.05.001
关键词:  木质素  中空  纳米碳纤维复合材料  微波吸收
Key Words:lignin  hollow  carbon nanofibers composite  microwave absorption
基金项目:“纸质外卖包装推荐名录及创新产品孵化项目”征集通知
作者单位邮编
王桂平 华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家造纸重点实验室，广东广州，510640 510640
敖日格勒 华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家造纸重点实验室，广东广州，510640 510640
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摘要:本研究以蔗渣乙酸木质素为原料制备了木质素基实心和中空纳米碳纤维（CNFs和HCNFs），然后采用溶剂热法，将经浓硝酸表面氧化处理后的碳纤维和乙酰丙酮铁共混反应合成了Fe3O4/实心和中空纳米碳纤维复合材料（Fe3O4/CNFs和Fe3O4/HCNFs）。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和拉曼光谱仪分析了碳纤维在浓硝酸氧化处理前后的结构变化，通过扫描电子显微镜能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、比表面积孔径分析仪、振动样品磁强计和矢量网络仪分析并对比了Fe3O4/CNFs和Fe3O4/HCNFs的形貌结构、磁性能和微波吸收性能。结果表明，Fe3O4/CNFs和Fe3O4/HCNFs的饱和磁化强度分别为12.7 emu/g和16.5 emu/g，均表现出了典型的超顺磁性。相较于Fe3O4/CNFs，Fe3O4/HCNFs在厚度仅为1.5 mm下其最小反射损耗达-11.8 dB，另外随着吸波体厚度在1.0~2.5 mm范围变化，小于-10 dB的吸收频带范围为5.28 ~ 14.75 GHz，表现出了更优异的微波吸收性能。
Abstract:In this study, lignin-based solid and hollow carbon nanofibers (CNFs and HCNFs) were prepared from bagasse acetic acid lignin. The resultant CNFs and HCNFs were oxidized by nitric acid and then blended with ferric acetylacetonate to synthesize Fe3O4/CNFs and Fe3O4/HCNFs composite via a solvothermal method. The structure changes of CNFs and HCNFs before and after nitric acid oxidation treatment were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectrometers. The differences in morphological structure, magnetic property and microwave absorption performance between Fe3O4/CNFs and Fe3O4/HCNFs were compared by Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, specific surface and porosity analyzer, vibrating sample magnetometer and vector network analyzer. The results showed that both Fe3O4/CNFs and Fe3O4/HCNFs had the typical superparamagnetism with the saturation magnetization values of 12.7 emu/g and 16.5 emu/g, respectively. The microwave absorption properties of Fe3O4/HCNFs were better than that of Fe3O4/CNFs. The minimum reflection loss of Fe3O4/HCNFs was up to -11.8 dB with a thickness of only 1.5 mm, and the reflection loss values less than -10 dB were obtained in the frequency of 5.28~14.75 GHz with thickness of 1.0~2.5 mm.
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