-->Equipment & Automation

Research and Design of Pulp Molding Equipment Driven by Servo Motor-driven with Double Crankshaft Pressurized

LU Pengbo,ZHANG Tianyi,LI Jun,LI Rihua,YU Hao,GU Xunhong,LI Bo — 2024/10/8 10:57:25

This paper mainly introduced a new pulp molding equipment using servo motor composite double crankshaft as the boosting mode， which had the characteristics of high stability， reliability， and operational convenience， becoming a new trend in the development of pulp molding equipment. This type of equipment could not only effectively improve the production efficiency and product adaptability， but also have high reliability and reduce the energy consumption of product.

Modeling and Tension Control Based on an Improved LADRC for the Unwind Side Accumulator in Roll-to-roll Equipment

JU Guoli,LIU Shanhui,FENG Lei,LI Yinfeng,ZHAO Wenhui — 2024/10/8 10:57:26

The tension control issue of the paper within the unwinding side accumulator of roll-to-roll coating equipment was addressed in this paper. Firstly， a tension coupling mode for the paper within the accumulator， as well as dynamic modes for input-output rollers and carriage， and a thrust mode for the ball screw were established. Subsequently， by integrating genetic algorithms （GA） and the Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control （LADRC） controller， an improved LADRC controller was designed to achieve parameters self-tuning of the LADRC controller and to address issues such as insufficient control precision and poor robustness of traditional proportional-integral-derivative（PID） controllers. Finally， simulation experiments were conducted based on the established modes and designed controllers. The experiments focused on the parameters tuning performance of the improved LADRC controller and the tension control performance of the paper within the accumulator. The results demonstrated that the designed improved LADRC controller could achieve parameters self-tuning and hare better tension control performance compared to traditional PID controllers， meeting the tension control requirements for paper coating manufacturing within the unwinding side accumulator.

Reform and Energy-saving Practice of High-speed Paper Machine Vacuum System

JIANG Hualin,LONG Jianyuan,YUAN Biao — 2024/10/8 10:57:26

This paper introduced the transformation of the vacuum system of high-speed paper machine which taked cultural paper production lives as an example， replaced the water ring vacuum pump with magnetic levitation turbine vacuum pump， optimized the corresponding process flow. Under the premise of ensuring the stable operation of the paper machine， the vacuum distribution and energy saving effect of the mesh and press parts of paper machine were analyzed.The results showed that the energy consumption of the vacuum system of paper machine decreased 30%， and the energy consumption of ton paper decreased 21 kWh.

Study on the Innovation Model of China’s Papermaking Equipment Industry and Its Independent Innovation Strategies

SHA Jiulong,LIANG Chen,LUO Lianxin,LI Xusheng,WANG Shuangfei — 2024/12/23 9:07:59

In order to accelerate the improvement of independent innovation capability and promote the localization of high-end papermaking equipment， this paper critically examined the innovation model and limiting factors of China’s papermaking equipment industry， and referred to relevant international experience to reflect on the establishment of China’s papermaking equipment industry innovation system for developing a powerful papermaking nation. Besides， targeted policy recommendations were proposed to provide useful reference for policy-making.

Methodology Research on Paper Breaking Fault Diagnosis Based on Transfer Learning

SONG Limin,GAO Guijun,HE Zhenglei — 2024/12/23 9:07:59

Aiming at the shortage of paper breaking fault marker data and the difficulty of reusing fault diagnosis modeling due to the frequent switching of production conditions， this paper proposed a modeling method of paper breaking fault migration model based on parameters and features， respectively. By analyzing the data distribution characteristics of quantitative setpoints and their strongly correlated variables， the basic working conditions of industrial data were divided. The reliability of the working condition division was verified by the evaluation of Mahalanobis distance and multi-core maximum mean difference equidistance function. Based on the divided working condition data， the paper breaking fault model established according to the working condition with more effective paper breaking fault data was transferred to the working condition with missing data. The results showed that the established fault diagnosis transfer model could achieve 98.3%， 94.6%， and 96.4% diagnostic accuracy in different working conditions， respectively， which improved the universality of the model and promoted the wider and more accurate fault diagnosis for different papermaking processes.

An Improved MaskRCNN Based Paper Disease Diagnosis Algorithm

TANG Wei,LIU Yingwei,WANG Mengxiao,GENG Zhiyao,LIU Changchuang,YANG Yijun — 2024/12/23 9:08:00

This paper proposed a paper disease diagnosis algorithm based on an improved MaskRCNN network. Firstly， this algorithm improved the network model by using a lightweight head backbone network VOVNet and a Precise RoIPooling （PrRoIPooling） on the basis of the original MaskRCNN network， in order to reduce the parameter usage of the original network model and improve the detection and classification speed. Secondly， a spatial pyramid attention mechanism （SPANet） was added to address the issue of low accuracy in detecting small objects in the original network model. More than 4 000 paper disease images were collected for simulation verification of the proposed algorithm. The results showed that the improved MaskRCNN model had increased average accuracy by 3 percentage points and speed by 15% compared to the original network model， which could meet the practical requirements of real-time and accuracy in paper disease diagnosis.

Recent Development of Domestic Pulping and Papermaking Equipment

CHENG Jinlan,LIANG Chen,LI Wei,SHA Jiulong,LUO Lianxin,WANG Shuangfei — 2024/11/22 15:48:51

This paper introduced the development of Chinese pulping and papermaking equipment in recent decade from the whole process. Domestic pulping and papermaking equipment had made significant technological advancements， straw pulping equipment， cleaning bleaching equipment had achieved breakthrough， some of them had become industry frontiers. Medium and high-speed tissue paper machine， hydraulic headbox， disk refiner， shoe press， and other equipment could now be produced domestically. Wastepaper pulping equipment had also experienced rapid development. Industry 4.0 in pulping and papermaking promoted the digital and intelligent transformation of equipment and aims to achieve more sustainable and efficient production. However， compared to industry leaders around the globe， domestic pulp & paper equipment manufacturing enterprises still has gaps to be filled in terms of scale， technology and quality. It is necessary to develop key technologies to close the gaps and push domestic equipment to a higher level.

Refining Characteristics of MD3000 Low Consistency Experimental Disc Refiner Operating by Constant-gap Circulating Mode

LIU Huan,LIU Hongbin,DONG Jixian,QIAO Lijie,GUO Xiya — 2025/7/22 20:41:29

This study investigated the constant-gap (0.1 mm) cyclic refining characteristics of hardwood pulp using a MD3000 low-consistency experimental disc refiner equipped with straight-bar plates featuring a 22° angle. The result showed that the increase in beating degree of pulp led to a reduction in its viscosity and shear strain within the refining zone， thereby causing a decrease in total refining power. Furthermore， the rate of power reduction gradually increased with the elevation of beating degree. The relative changes in beating degree and fiber average length were employed to characterize fiber cutting and fibrillation degree during refining. A refining optimization method based on quantitative characterization of paper micro-morphology was developed， demonstrating significant correlation between the determined refining limit and variations in paper strength parameters， in order to provide references for the characterization of low-consistency refining processes， optimization of plate design， and the high-efficiency， low-energy operation.

Research on Assessing Diapers Softness Based on Equivalent Area Model

LI Junpeng,ZHOU Xinglong,SU Yang,WANG Zhidong,LI Nan,WANG Shucheng — 2025/7/22 20:41:30

This study employed the equivalent area model annular method to assess the softness of diapers. The effects of curling direction （inward and outward）， stretching velocity， sample dimensions （thickness and width）， core structure， and selected radius （R₁） on softness of diapers were systematically investigated. The research showed that the inward curling softenss of diaper was greater than the outward curling softness. Softness remained relatively stable when the stretching velocity was below 8 mm/s. Thickness exerted a greater influence on softness than width. For samples with identical thickness and width， variations in raw materials， internal core structures， and filler materials could lead to differential softness. When the R₁ and calculated inner radius （R） differed， corrections must be applied to softness values based on the E-value （elastic modulus） and annular spacing. The results showed that the equivalent area model annular method was a viable approach for quantifying diaper softness， enabling softness grading based on objective measurements. The findings aligned closely with sensory softness evaluation results.

Failure Analysis of Paper Drying Cylinder Crushing

2025/7/22 20:41:32

A crushing accident occurred during the dynamic balance test of a newly purchased drying cylinder in a paper mill. In this study， systematic analysis of the accident drying cylinder was conducted using methods such as macroscopic inspection， chemical analysis， hardness testing， mechanical performance testing， metallographic structure analysis， fracture morphology analysis， and theoretical calculation. The research showed that during the dynamic balance test of the drying cylinder， the rotating speed of the testing machine significantly exceeded the speed specified in the drawing， and the stress generated in the cylinder body under the action of centrifugal force exceeded the tensile strength of the material， which caused breaking of the cylinder body. The research also revealed the deficiencies in the current relevant national standards regarding the requirements for the chemical composition and metallographic structure of gray cast iron， and put forward targeted modification suggestions.

Research on Paper Drying Characteristics and Performance of Multi-channel Dryer

LI Zhiqian,YUAN Yuejin,XU Yingying,SHI Yun — 2025/11/25 12:54:52

In order to explore the influence of different factors on multi-channel dryer drying of paper， the effects of pulp ratio， beating degree， paper basis weight， channel steam temperature and steam mass flux on paper drying characteristics and paper properties were studied by control variable method. The results showed that increasing the proportion of hardwood pulp and reducing the beating degree and basis weight were helpful to improve the air permeability and drying rate of paper， and the basis weight had the most significant effect on the drying rate of paper. The tensile index and tear index of paper increased with the decrease of the proportion of hardwood pulp and the increase of beating degree and basis weight. The tear index was the best when the beating degree was 25 °SR， and the tensile index was the best when the basis weight was 80 g/m². Increasing the steam temperature and mass flux of the multi-channel dryer could increase the heat transfer and accelerate the drying rate， but it will reduce the air permeability of the paper. The tensile index and tear index increased first and then tended to be stable with the increase of steam parameters. The effect of steam temperature on paper was more significant.

Study on the Calculation Method of Reverse Flanges for Cast Iron Drying Cylinders under Additional Bending Moment Conditions

LIANG Cunquan,LYU Hongyu — 2025/11/25 12:54:53

During the operation of cast iron drying cylinders， due to the existence of support reaction forces at both ends， additional bending moments are generated at the connection between the end cover and the reverse flange on the cylinder body. Traditionally， the Waters method is commonly employed for flange connection design， yet this method doesn’t take into account the influence of the additional bending moments. This study， based on the reverse flange calculation methods specified in the American ASME standard and the British PD5500 standard， introduced the factor of additional bending moments to improve the calculation formulas. Subsequently， the correctness of the improved formulas was verified through finite element simulation. The results showed that after incorporating the additional bending moments， the calculation accuracy of the three principal stresses all increased by more than 30% (S_H increased by 32.6%, S_R increased by 40.2%, and S_T increased by 40.4%). The additional bending moments had a significant impact on the safety of the flange connection.

Study on Quality Evaluation Method of Cigarette Trademark Paper Based on Machine Vision and Deep Learning

2025/11/25 12:54:55

To investigate the application of machine vision technology integrating deep learning in evaluating the quality inspection results of cigarette trademark paper，this study proposed a comprehensive evaluation method. A high-resolution industrial camera， customized light sources， and specialized software systems were employed to construct an annotated dataset. Dynamic threshold ORB feature detection， optimized RANSAC registration， and multi-band fusion strategies were adopted， effectively eliminating stitching seams. The images PSNR of 38.9 dB and SSIM of 0.94. For feature recognition， the YOLOv8 model was enhanced by introducing a CBAM attention module， combined with a ResNet-34 backbone network and FPN multi-scale feature fusion， achieving 99.4% mAP50， 99.6% recall， and 99.0% precision on the test set. A dual-branch Siamese network was designed to compute similarity by fusing SIFT descriptors and deep semantic features， achieving average recognition accuracies of 97.64% for small box trademark paper and 95.85% for carton trademark paper.

Study on the Correlation between Flow Characteristics Based on Residence Time and Strain Rate and Refining Quality in the Refining Zone of a Disc Refiner

RAO Jiawei,LI Jun,LIU Xiaowen,CHEN Fangjun,XIONG Qingang — 2026/6/23 16:24:30

To gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between the flow mechanism of pulp within the refining zone of a disc refiner and refining quality， this study combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with refining experiments to investigate how the flow characteristics of pulp in refining discs with and without dams influence refining quality. By establishing correlations between the beating degree measured in refining experiments and the flow characteristics based on strain rate and residence time， a correlation model relating pulp flow characteristics to refining quality was developed to analyze quantitatively the effects of these two factors on beating degree. The results showed that the dams could regulate the flow direction and trajectories of the pulp within the refining zone， increasing the average residence time of the pulp from 0.593 s to 0.699 s， representing an increase of 17.9%， thereby improving refining quality. When the pulp simultaneously experienced a relatively high strain rate and a long residence time in the refining zone， the corresponding beating degree generally reached a higher level. A significant interaction between strain rate and residence time was observed， while excessively high strain rates did not continuously improve refining quality. When the strain rate reached approximately 660 s^-1， a further increase in strain rate might suppress the further improvement of beating degree. The multi-parameter correlation model established in this study achieved a R² value of 0.951 2. Under the process conditions of 3 kg/s of feed flow rate， 296 r/min of disc rotation speed， and 0.2 mm of discs gap， the predicted and experimental beating degree was 12.09 and 12.10 °SR, respectively， proving the established model had high prediction accuracy and reliability.

Study on an Efficient Detection Method Based on Lightweight YOLOv8 with Reparameterized Attention

HUANG Qibao,ZHOU Zaifeng,LI Zhiguo,HU Zhiyong — 2026/6/23 16:24:31

The synergistic optimization of accuracy and real-time performance in online paper defect detection represents a core bottleneck for quality control in high-speed papermaking production lines. Taking YOLOv8n as the baseline model， the study proposed a lightweight framework that integrated re-parameterized convolution with position-sensitive multi-query attention (C2PMQA). Through the collaborative optimization of three core modules： partial depthwise separable convolution (PDSConv)， re-parameterized ConvNeXt-enhanced C2f (RCNXC2f)， and C2PMQA， the proposed framework achieved parameter reduction， multi-scale feature extraction， and global-local feature fusion. Furthermore， a non-maximum suppression (NMS-Free) strategy incorporating a lightweight detection head (LWHead) was adopted to enable end-to-end inference， resulting in a re-parameterized attention lightweight YOLOv8 model. Validation on a dataset comprising four typical defect types (dark spots， holes， wrinkles， and scratches) demonstrated that the proposed model achieved improved feature extraction capability， parameter efficiency， and inference speed. Specifically， it attained a mean average precision (mAP₅₀) of 99.2%， with only 1.35 MB of parameter size and 3.07 GFLOPs of computational volume. On the RTX 4060 GPU， the inference frame rate reached 175 FPS， satisfying the requirements of a 600 m/min high-speed paper machine.

Structure Design and Application of Integrated Transformer with Plug-in Surge Arrester and Cable Plug-in Terminal

GAN Jingchun — 2026/6/23 16:24:32

This paper proposed and thoroughly investigated a novel integrated transformer design that combined a plug-in arrester and a cable plug-in terminal. By optimizing the high-voltage bushing structure and lead-out wire orientation of the transformer， the design achieved a compact and efficient connection among the transformer， arrester， and high-voltage cable. The application on practice demonstrated that this design significantly reduced site footprint， civil engineering costs， and construction duration. This integrated transformer offered notable advantages in structural composition， operating principles， and key technical features， providing an efficient and reliable technical solution for compact substation construction and the optimization of high-voltage cable routing methods.

Classification and Design Method of Radial Straight Bar Refiner Segments

LIU Huan,Meng Qinghui,LIU Zheng,LIU Hongbin,DONG Jixian,YANG Shuo,LIU Yingying — 2026/5/25 18:27:58

Radial straight-bar refiner segments are applied in the pulp refining process of the pulp and paper as well as related industries. Currently， research on the bar crossing theory and design method of the bar profile of radial straight-bar refiner segment is insufficient， which limits their effective application. This paper analyzed the bar profile characteristics and design basis of both central and non-central radial straight-bar refiner segments， elaborated the through， split and combined design methods for the bar profile of central radial straight-bar refiner segments， and investigated three design methods for the bar profile of non-central radial refiner segments based on the relative position of the radiation center， which laid a foundation for the parametric design and application of radial straight-bar refiner segments.

CNN-based Image Recognition and Monitoring of States on the Pallet Paper Shortage for Wet Pulp Packaging Machines

XU Feng,LI Jianwen,ZHANG Ju — 2026/5/25 18:27:58

To address the issue that the wet pulp packaging machine cannot accurately identify paper shortage on wooden pallets, this study proposed a monitoring method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) image recognition, which consists of the following steps: ① Capture front-view images of pallets via the RTSP streaming protocol; ② Perform multiple annotations on the region of interest (ROI), establish an image-to-feature mapping benchmark using a compact network, and apply image enhancement to simulate on-site light intensity fluctuations throughout the process; ③ Conduct convolution operations on real-time images, extract color and edge differences of images as feature vectors, and compare feature vectors following mapping rules to determine the paper shortage status; ④ Output status information to the PLC via the TCP protocol for system-triggered automatic replacement of empty pallets based on classification results. Compared with traditional RGB threshold processing, the lightweight Compact of CNN recognition system effectively mitigated on-site environmental interferences. It enabled automatic replacement of wooden pallets, thereby ensuring continuous and high-efficiency production.

Process Design and Application Difficulty Analysis of Automatic Paper Roll Loading System Based on Intelligent Forklift

QU Huixian,YANG Bin,CHEN Qinghu,HU Chao,CHEN Gang,LIU Peng — 2026/5/25 18:27:59

With the intelligent development of logistics equipment， automated paper roll loading operations in unmanned scenarios have become a trend in the paper industry. This study focused on the process design and practical application challenges of automatic paper roll loading technology in paper mills. It conducted an in-depth analysis of technical solutions such as multi-vehicle cooperative scheduling and autonomous path planning， high-precision maps and truck recognition， stacking pattern planning and batch delivery， paper roll center identification and grasping and releasing. It also integrated the interaction to the existing paper mill control system between the warehouse management system (WMS) and robot control system (RCS)， designed and constructed an automatic paper roll loading system based on intelligent forklift (IFL). This solution exhibited strong adaptability to existing scenarios and required minimal modification. It could significantly minimize the impact on production during the setup， deployment， and debugging of the automatic loading system， improve deployment efficiency， thereby reducing implementation costs and enhancing the efficiency and safety of loading operations.

Surface Defects Identification Method for Reconstituted Tobacco Based on Lightweight Object Detection Model

2026/5/25 18:28:01

To address the issues of low efficiency， high false detection， and difficult localization in manual inspection of surface defects in paper-making reconstituted tobacco， this paper proposed an automatic defect recognition method based on a lightweight object detection model. First， a defect detection platform based on dual-line-scan cameras and auxiliary lighting was constructed to capture defect images. Subsequently， batch image preprocessing and data augmentation methods were proposed to expand and optimize the dataset. A combined manual and automatic annotation approach was adopted to perform multi-category labeling according to defect characteristics， obtaining sufficient high-precision training data. Finally， a lightweight object detection model named YOLO-D was developed， incorporating a dual-attention mechanism and a dual-detection-head structure. The results showed that the model achieved a precision of 87.7% with a computational load of only 20.8 GFLOPs. Compared to the YOLOv8 model， precision was improved by 2.2% and computational load was reduced by 26.8%. The proposed method enabled fast and accurate identification of surface defects in reconstituted tobaccos.

Construction of a Web Break Information Knowledge Graph Based on Large Language Models Fine-tuned with Low-rank Adaptation

ZENG Qingyu,HONG Mengna,LI Jigeng — 2026/4/21 10:08:10

To achieve precise prediction and knowledge structuring of web break faults during the papermaking process, this study focused on the characteristics of web break data and the impact of papermaking equipment. By combining low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and chain-of-thought prompting engineering techniques, this research systematically compared the fine-tuning effects of four parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) strategies on large language models, including LoRA, weight-decomposed low-rank adaptation (DoRA), infused adapter by inhibiting and amplifying inner activations (IA3), and quantized low-rank adaptation (QLoRA). Based on the optimally LoRA fine-tuned large language models, ChatGLM3-6B, it constructed a web break information knowledge graph adapted to the entities, attributes, and relations within the papermaking domain. The results indicated that the LoRA algorithm achieved the best comprehensive performance in the entity recognition and relation extraction tasks for web break information, reaching a recall rate of 100% and an F1 score of 92.31%. Its performance significantly outperformed the non-fine-tuned ChatGLM3-6B and other mainstream large language models (such as iFLYTEK Spark MAX and Qwen2.5-7B).

Multi-specification Paper Rolls Loading Optimization Based on Beam Search and Adaptive Simulated Annealing Algorithm

ZHONG Haocheng,LI Jigeng — 2026/4/21 10:08:11

To address the problem of increased distribution costs caused by mixed loading of multi-specification and multi-customer paper rolls in paper mill distribution， a multi-specification paper rolls loading optimization algorithm based on beam search and adaptive simulated annealing (BASA) algorithm was proposed. Paper rolls with the same delivery destination were defined as the same product family， and a bi-objective optimization model was constructed to minimize the number of carriages used and the dispersion degree of product families. First， a stacking algorithm was designed to achieve the transformation from three-dimensional to two-dimensional problems， then a two-stage solution framework was constructed， employing a corner-edge tangent algorithm to quickly construct an initial packing scheme. To prevent the initial solution from falling into local optima prematurely， an adaptive simulated annealing algorithm based on beam search was introduced to optimize the packing sequence. The results showed that compared with manual schemes， the BASA algorithm reduced the number of carriages used by 1 in 4 test cases， improved the average space utilization by 5.27 percent point， and achieves a product family aggregation rate of 98.46%. This paper provided an optimization solution for paper mills that balanced loading efficiency and centralized delivery for the same customers of multi-specification paper rolls.

Study on AI Online Detection System for Coating Color Formulations Based on Impedance Sensing

LU Jun,ZHAO Guanglei,XIE Chong,GUO Shangkun — 2026/4/21 10:08:12

This study designed an AI-based online detection system for coating color based on impedance sensing and applied it to measure the impedance spectra of coating formulations. By analyzing variations in parameters such as the solid content， filler ratio， and the amounts of dispersant， thickener， and binder in the coating color， the online detection capability， stability， and responsiveness of the system to formulation changes were investigated. The results showed that the system provided stable measurements. The constructed linear regression model demonstrated high prediction accuracy （R²=0.985 on the test set） and was sensitive to the influence of changes in parameters such as key additives on the electrical properties of the system. With the aim of providing effective tools for the online and real-time intelligent perception of the coating color state and process optimization.

Cause Analysis for Flange Ring Fracture and Manufacturing Optimization Proposal of S30408 Stainless Steel Pressure Screen Drum

2026/4/21 10:08:13

This paper conducted a systematic failure analysis study on the sudden fracture of the flange ring of an S30408 stainless steel pressure screen drum in a pulp and paper mill during service. Through observations using a metallurgical microscope and a scanning electron microscope, it was found that the base material exhibited a typical austenitic equiaxed grain structure with good overall quality, while the weld zone displayed coarse grains, inhomogeneous microstructure, continuous precipitation of Cr₂₃C₆ carbides, and defects such as pores and inclusions, showing obvious sensitization characteristics. The fracture morphology revealed that cracks mostly initiated from weld defects and gradually propagated under alternating loads, in conjunction with corrosion induced by Cl⁻, S²⁻, K⁺, and other ions in the pulp, ultimately resulting in corrosion fatigue fracture. Energy dispersive spectrometer analysis results confirmed the presence of carbon-oxygen enrichment and chromium depletion on the fracture surface, further indicating that the environmental medium accelerated crack propagation. Based on a comprehensive analysis, an improvement plan was proposed, which included “selecting sensitization-resistant stainless steel materials (such as S30403/S31603), optimizing the welding process and implementing solution heat treatment, and combining corrosion protection with lifespan monitoring” to enhance the corrosion resistance and service life of the screen drum.

Analysis of the Causes of Phase Angle Difference in the Distribution Networks of a Paper Mill and Design of the Loop Closure Retrofitting Scheme

GAN Jingchun — 2026/4/21 10:08:13

This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the distribution network system upgrade at a paper mill. The main distribution networks in the northern and southern plant zones exhibited a fixed 30° phase difference. By analyzing the causes of the phase difference and its potential effects and risks on distribution networks， and after comprehensive evaluation of field operating conditions and safety reliability， a transformer connection group adjustment approach was proposed through multi-scenario comparisons to eliminate phase differences in distribution network loop closure retrofitting schemes.

Study on Paper Moisture Anomaly Prediction Based on XGBoost and Federated Transfer Learning Integration

ZHANG Jie,LI Jigeng — 2026/3/24 15:06:15

In the intelligentization of the paper industry， accurate prediction of paper moisture content is crucial for quality control and energy efficiency optimization. Traditional methods suffer from limited model generalizability due to scarce and homogeneous single-enterprise samples， while also failing to meet data privacy protection requirements. To address these issues， this paper proposed a federated learning framework based on XGBoost， which ensured data privacy through a distributed architecture and incorporated a Domain-Adversarial Neural Network for cross-domain feature alignment to enhance generalization capability. Validated with data from two paper mills， the global model achieved an accuracy of 91.74%， with all performance metrics significantly outperforming local models and other comparative algorithms. The performance gap with centralized XGBoost was less than 1%. Although the two feature combinations constructed after feature alignment showed a slight performance decrease (≤1.5%)， they demonstrated cross-domain stability and collaborative benefits.

Development and Application of a Design System for the Bar Pattern of Isometric Straight-bar Refining Plate Based on Creo

GUO Xiya,CAO Xinyue,LIU Huan,DONG Jixian,HE Zhengyang — 2026/3/24 15:06:15

To address the challenges of diversified user requirements， prolonged design cycles， high non-standardization， and lack of graphical libraries in the bar pattern design of isometric straight-bar refiner plate， this study based on the Creo Toolkit secondary development platform and Visual Studio programming environment， developing a parameterized bar pattern design system by using C# and dynamic link library (DLL) technology. The system featured a user-friendly human-machine interface， enabling rapid parameter adjustments and 3D modeling of isometric straight-bar refiner plate with various specifications.

Research on Taper Tension Control Method for Winding Unit of Roll-to-roll Coating Machine

LI Chunjie,REN Fang,JU Guoli,CHEN Minghui,LI Yinfeng,LIU Shanhui — 2026/3/24 15:06:16

To address the winding quality issues caused by excessive radial stress during the winding process， this study conducted the research on taper tension control for the winding process of roll-to-roll precision coating machines. A taper tension control method was proposed， and its parameter characteristics， and radial stress control effects were analyzed. Based on the genetic algorithm (GA)， an improved parameter self-tuning linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) was designed， and a taper tension control strategy was formulated. A simulation model was established in MATLAB 2019b/Simulink to verify the winding tension control effect of the improved parameter self-tuning LADRC. The results showed that the GA-based improved controller could achieve high-precision control of taper tension， with a winding tension error of less than 0.6% and a radial stress error of less than 0.4%.

Research on Forklift AGV Hybrid Navigation Algorithm Based on Bezier Optimization

XU Kai,SHI Quanhao,LI Chao,PANG Nan,JIN Hongtao,SUN Fuming,TUO Jiongtao,QI Miao — 2026/3/24 15:06:17

This study introduced a hybrid navigation algorithm for forklift-type automated guided vehicle (AGV) that integrated the A* and DWA algorithms. It optimized the global planning path based on Bezier curves and employed methods such as an improved fitness function and the introduction of a dynamic inertia weight factor for further optimization. This approach enabled effective path planning and local obstacle avoidance methods in complex indoor scenarios， such as paper manufacturing workshops. The results indicated that， compared to the traditional A* algorithm， the trajectory of the forklift-type AGV optimized by Bezier reduced 3.4 m， significantly enhancing the work efficiency of the forklift-type AGV (with a trajectory efficiency increase of 7.26%). Furthermore， the navigation trajectory curve exhibited smoother operation and higher reliability. Additionally， the hybrid navigation algorithm for forklift-type AGV， which integrated A* and DWA algorithms， had been verified through experiments to possess superior global optimality and local obstacle avoidance capabilities.

A HAZOP-LOPA-based Design Method for Safety Instrumented Systems in the Recovery Combustion Section of Alkali Recycling Processes

TANG Wei,ZHENG Xiaohu,WANG Mengxiao,WANG Qilin — 2026/1/23 16:32:36

In response to the problems of fragmented risk analysis and insufficient quantitative evaluation in the current design methods of safety instrumented systems (SIS) in the paper industry, this paper took the SIS design of the steam drum control part in the alkali recovery combustion section as an example and proposed a SIS grading and design method based on hazard and operability analysis-layer of protection analysis (HAZOP-LOPA). Firstly, the process noded of the alkali recovery combustion section were divided, and a corresponding two-dimensional risk matrix of risk probability consequence was designed. The potential deviations and risk scenarios of this section were systematically identified through the HAZOP method, and an independent protection layer quantification model was constructed by combining LOPA. Then, based on the risk transmission characteristics, a layer of protection analysis-safety integrity level (LOPA-SIL) dynamic mapping relationship was established to reasonably classify the level of the SIL. Finally, the SIL was designed according to the classification results, and the effectiveness of the system was verified through indicators such as system failure probability and residual risk value. The results showed that this method could successfully identify two high-risk scenarios and determine the need to add SIS of SIL2. After improvement, the risk probability was successfully reduced to an acceptable level for the enterprise (<1.0×10^-6/year).

Study of the Effects of Vanadium Content on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of 7Cr17 Stainless Steel for Refiner Plate

HOU Liyue,NIU Jiangting,WANG Huiqiu,SUN Zhenzhao,MOU Xiangzhong,ZHAO Ping — 2026/1/23 16:32:37

This study investigated the effects of vanadium(V) content on the microstructure， precipitated carbides， and mechanical properties of 7Cr17 stainless steel used for grinding discs. The specimens were examined and analyzed using a metallurgical microscope， scanning electron microscope， Rockwell hardness tester， and other equipment， thereby determining an appropriate amount of V addition. The results revealed that the stainless steel microstructure consisted of lath martensite， carbides， and retained austenite. With the addition of V， the amount of vanadium carbide (VC) in the microstructure increased and its dispersion degree enhanced； however， when the addition amount reached 0.5%， carbide aggregation and growth occurred. The finely dispersed VC carbides effectively hindered dislocation movement， improving the Rockwell hardness of the stainless steel. When a small amount of V was added， the finely dispersed VC could pin dislocations， delay crack initiation， and enhance the impact toughness of the specimens. However， excessive V addition led to the massive precipitation of carbides at grain boundaries or within grains， resulting in stress concentration and material embrittlement. When 0.15% to 0.3% of V was added， the VC exhibited a high degree of dispersion， and the stainless steel demonstrated the best overall performance.

Fault Analysis and Prediction of Cigarette Packets Conveyance based on the Frictional Coefficient of Cigarette Packet Packaging Paper

2026/1/23 16:32:38

Addressing the frequent issues of poor packet conveyance, the influence of frictional coefficients of typical cigarette packet packaging paper on conveying during machine startup, shutdown, and after the No.8 wheel was explored based on the differences in these coefficients among several typical papers on different contact surfaces.The results showed that the frictional coefficient measured with the conveyor belt used in actual production as the contact surface could more accurately reflect the surface friction condition of cigarette packet packaging paper. A force analysis was performed on the cigarette packets during both the shutdown and startup phases of the packaging machine. By measuring the coefficient of friction between the cigarette packet packaging paper and the conveyor belt used, the friction force on the cigarette packets could be calculated, and then, based on parameters such as the production speed and braking (releasing) time of the cigarette packaging machine, the operating status of the cigarette packets during conveyance could be predicted. The pressure exerted on the cigarette packets by the upper conveyor belt could be adjusted according to the relative magnitude of the coefficient of dynamic friction between the two contacting sides of cigarette packets to ensure stable running of the cigarette packets.

Study on Distributed Thermal Control in Paper Drying Oven with Fiber Bragg Grating Integration and Dynamic Prediction

2026/1/23 16:32:43

To address the challenge of temperature uniformity control in paper drying ovens， this study proposed a distributed temperature control system integrating fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensing with dynamic predictive technology， overcoming limitations of traditional thermocouples such as response lag and low spatial resolution. A 3D virtual temperature field model was established and combined with a sparse FBG sensor network (3 400 measurement points) and a natural neighbor dynamic reconstruction algorithm， achieving high-precision temperature field reconstruction (RMSE： 1.5 ℃). A zoned predictive control strategy was designed. Dynamic PI algorithms were employed to optimize thermal inertia compensation and multi-zone coordinated control， reducing steady-state errors to within ±1.5 ℃， accelerating response speed by 30%， and lowering energy consumption by 18%. Experimental results demonstrated robust performance under extreme conditions (e.g.， sudden heater failure， high-speed paper feed)， maintaining 80% coverage of the 85 ℃ isothermal surface and suppressing temperature gradients by over 40%.

Study on the Design of Papermaking Equipment Management APP based on KANO-FAST Model

WANG Fei,LYU Mingqi,CHEN Honglong — 2026/1/23 16:32:44

This study integrated the KANO model with the FAST method. It collected industry requirements through questionnaires and interviews， used the KANO model to classify these requirements and quantify their priorities (basic， performance， and excitement types). On this basis， it combined the FAST method to construct a functional hierarchy tree， achieving precise transformation of requirements into modular functions. In addition， an APP was designed that integrated functions including basic equipment management (basic requirements)， abnormal reporting (performance requirements)， and production reporting (excitement requirements). The results showed that user satisfaction with the APP reached 92%， and the equipment maintenance efficiency was increased by 26 percentage points. The KANO-FAST model designed in this study could effectively enhance the efficiency of usability design for papermaking equipment management APP， providing highly reliable and innovative solutions for industrial equipment management and facilitating intelligent transformation.